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🗣 Wd提问: 外贸常用英语单词

🤖 Ai回答: 好的，这里为您整理了一份非常全面和实用的外贸常用英语词汇和短语列表，涵盖了从基础术语到沟通场景的各个方面。

一、 基础核心术语

这些是外贸沟通中最基础、最高频的词汇。

* Export: 出口
* Import: 进口
* Supplier / Vendor: 供应商
* Manufacturer: 制造商
* Buyer / Client / Customer: 买方，客户
* Product / Item / Goods / Commodity: 产品，货物，商品
* Sample: 样品
* Catalog / Brochure: 产品目录/手册
* Quotation / Quote: 报价
* Price List: 价格单
* Order / Purchase Order (P.O.): 订单 / 采购订单
* Contract / Agreement: 合同 / 协议

二、 价格与付款方式

这是谈判的核心，必须熟练掌握。

1、价格术语：
* FOB (Free On Board): 离岸价（指定装运港）
* CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight): 成本、保险加运费（指定目的港）
* CFR / CNF (Cost and Freight): 成本加运费（指定目的港）
* EXW (Ex Works): 工厂交货价
* DDP (Delivered Duty Paid): 完税后交货
* Unit Price: 单价
* Total Amount / Total Value: 总价，总金额
* MOQ (Minimum Order Quantity): 最小起订量
* Wholesale Price: 批发价
* Retail Price: 零售价
* Discount: 折扣

2、付款方式：
* T/T (Telegraphic Transfer): 电汇
* Deposit / Down Payment: 定金
* Balance Payment: 尾款
* L/C (Letter of Credit): 信用证
* Sight L/C: 即期信用证
* Usance L/C / Time L/C: 远期信用证
* D/P (Documents against Payment): 付款交单
* D/A (Documents against Acceptance): 承兑交单
* Western Union / MoneyGram: 西联汇款 / 速汇金
* PayPal / Escrow: 第三方支付平台

三、 物流与运输

货物如何到达客户手中。

1、运输方式：
* Sea Freight / Ocean Freight: 海运
* FCL (Full Container Load): 整柜
* LCL (Less than Container Load): 拼箱
* Air Freight: 空运
* Express Courier (e.g., DHL, FedEx, UPS): 国际快递
* Land / Railway Transport: 陆运 / 铁路运输

2、物流相关：
* Shipping: 装运，运输
* Forwarder / Freight Forwarder: 货代
* Port of Loading (POL): 装运港
* Port of Destination (POD): 目的港
* ETD (Estimated Time of Departure): 预计离港时间
* ETA (Estimated Time of Arrival): 预计到港时间
* Shipping Schedule: 船期
* Bill of Lading (B/L): 提单
* Air Waybill (AWB): 空运单
* Packing List: 装箱单
* Customs Declaration / Clearance: 报关 / 清关

四、 质量与检验

确保产品符合要求。

* Quality Control (QC): 质量控制
* Inspection: 检验
* Standard: 标准
* Specification (Specs): 规格
* Certificate: 证书 (e.g., Certificate of Origin 原产地证书)
* Defect / Defective: 缺陷 / 有缺陷的
* Sample Approval: 样品确认
* Pre-shipment Inspection (PSI): 装船前检验

五、 沟通与谈判

用于日常邮件和沟通的高频短语。

1、询盘 (Enquiry):
* “Could you please send me your catalog and price list?”
* “I'm interested in your product [产品名], could you give me a quote?”
* “What's your best price for this item?”
* “What is the MOQ?”

2、报盘 (Offer):
* “We are pleased to offer you the following items.”
* “Attached please find our quotation for your review.”
* “The offer is valid for 7 days.”
* “The price is based on FOB Shanghai.”

3、还盘 (Counter-offer) & 谈判:
* “Your price is a bit higher than we expected.”
* “Could you give us a discount if we place a larger order?”
* “Is there any room for negotiation on the price?”
* “We can accept your price if you agree to 30% T/T in advance.”

4、订单与合同:
* “We'd like to place an order for…”
* “Please find the attached Purchase Order (P.O、No、123).”
* “Let's sign the contract to finalize the deal.”
* “Please countersign the contract and send one copy back to us.”

5、付款:
* “When can you arrange the payment?”
* “We've sent the payment, please check.”
* “The balance will be paid before shipment.”

6、生产与装运:
* “What is the lead time?” (生产/交货需要多久？)
* “Please update us on the production status.”
* “We need to postpone the shipment to next week.”
* “Please inform us once the goods are shipped.”

7、处理问题:
* “We have to file a claim for the damaged goods.” (提出索赔)
* “There is a delay in production due to…”
* “We apologize for the inconvenience caused.”

六、 常用缩写

外贸中为了效率，大量使用缩写。

* PCS: Pieces (个，件)
* CTN: Carton (纸箱)
* PKG: Package (包裹)
* PLS: Please
* QTY: Quantity (数量)
* ATTN: Attention (致：某人)
* ETA: Estimated Time of Arrival (预计到港时间)
* ETD: Estimated Time of Departure (预计离港时间)
* FYI: For Your Information (供您参考)
* FYR: For Your Reference (供您参考)
* RE: Regarding (关于)
* TBD: To Be Determined (待定)
* ASAP: As Soon As Possible (尽快)

学习建议：

1、 情景记忆： 不要孤立地背单词，将它们放入“询盘-报价-付款-运输”等具体场景中记忆。
2、 多用多写： 在实际写邮件和读邮件时，有意识地使用这些词汇，遇到不懂的立刻查询。
3、 制作清单： 将本列表打印出来或做成电子笔记，作为日常工作的速查手册。

掌握这些词汇和短语，您就已经具备了进行外贸沟通的坚实基础。祝您外贸业务顺利！

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提问时间: 2025-09-09 09:08:08

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